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Unpacking the Ecological Footprint of Nations

Washington State University, USA, jorgenson{at}mail.wsu.edu

James Rice

Washington State University, USA

Jessica Crowe

Washington State University, USA

This study unpacks the combined national ecological footprint index into its subcomponents and examines the effects of international power and certain domestic factors on more specific forms of consumption-based environmental impacts. Using partial data for 206 countries, recursive indirect effects models are tested for each subcomponent of the combined footprint that treat international power as an exogenous variable and domestic income inequality, urban population, and human capital as endogenous variables. Results indicate that the cropland, forest, energy, and built area footprints are largely a function of relative position in the international stratification system and level of urban population. Domestic income inequality is a significant predictor of forest and energy footprints, and findings for the grazing land and fisheries footprints contrast sharply with international political-economic theorization.

Key Words: environmental degradation • globalization • political economy

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